The Mass
“The Mass is our most important prayer as Catholic Christians.”
— St. James Cathedral on the Mass

The Liturgy of the Hours
“From ancient times the Church has had the custom of celebrating each day the liturgy of the hours. In this way the Church fulfills the Lord’s precept to pray without ceasing, at once offering its praise to God the Father and interceding for the salvation of the world.”
— Office of the Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship (divineoffice.org)

The Rosary

Audio
The Holy Rosary with Mother Angelica and the Nuns of Our Lady of the Angels

Our Lady of Fátima: “Say the Rosary every day to obtain peace for the world”
— EWTN Prayers – The Rosary

“Pope Saint John Paul II has called the Rosary his ‘favorite prayer,’ after the Mass and the Liturgy of the Hours.”
— EWTN Prayers – The Rosary

“St. Louis de Montfort warns us against both the ignorant and scholars who regard the Rosary as something of little importance…’the Rosary is a priceless treasure inspired by God.’”
— EWTN Prayers – The Rosary

“…Our Lady herself said to Padre Pio: “With this weapon you will win.” Convinced of the power of the Rosary, Padre Pio always held the Rosary in his hands. When his death was approaching, he recommended the Rosary to his spiritual children by saying: “Love Our Lady and make her loved. Always recite the Rosary.””
— infallible-catholic.blogspot.com

Another page on the Rosary especially for Catholic men.

YouTube: After vision of Christ, Nigerian bishop says rosary will bring down Boko Haram.

Our Father

Catechism of the Catholic Church (2759):

“Jesus “was praying at a certain place, and when he ceased, one of his disciples said to him, ‘Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.'” In response to this request the Lord entrusts to his disciples and to his Church the fundamental Christian prayer. St. Luke presents a brief text of five petitions, while St. Matthew gives a more developed version of seven petitions. The liturgical tradition of the Church has retained St. Matthew’s text:”

Our Father who art in heaven,
hallowed be thy name.
Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread,
and forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive those who trespass against us,
and lead us not into temptation,
but deliver us from evil.

“The Lord’s Prayer “is truly the summary of the whole gospel.” “Since the Lord…after handling over the practice of prayer, said elsewhere, ‘Ask and you will receive,’ and since everyone has petitions which are peculiar to his circumstances, the regular and appropriate prayer (the Lord’s Prayer) is said first, as the foundation of further desires.”
— EWTN, Catechism of the Catholic Church and Tertullian (paragraph 2761).

Hail Mary

Hail Mary,
Full of Grace,
The Lord is with thee.
Blessed art thou among women,
and blessed is the fruit
of thy womb, Jesus.
Holy Mary,
Mother of God,
pray for us sinners now,
and at the hour of death.
Amen.

“Beginning with Mary’s unique cooperation with the working of the Holy Spirit, the Churches developed their prayer to the holy Mother of God, centering it on the Person of Christ manifested in His mysteries. In countless hymns and antiphons expressing this prayer, two movements usually alternate with one another: the first “magnifies” the Lord for the “great things” He did for His lowly servant and through her for all human beings. The second entrusts the supplications and praises of the children of God to the Mother of Jesus, because she now knows the humanity which, in her, the Son of God espoused.”
— EWTN quoting the Catechism of the Catholic Church paragraph 2675.

Glory Be

Glory be to the Father,
and to the Son,
and to the Holy Spirit.
As it was in the beginning,
is now,
and ever shall be,
world without end.
Amen.

“O the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and how inscrutable His ways! For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been His counselor? Or who has given a gift to Him that He might be repaid? For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. To Him be glory for ever. Amen.”
—Romans 11:33-36

EWTN on the Glory Be

Divine Mercy Chaplet
A YouTube Video of the Divine Mercy Chaplet

More on Prayers
Prayers and Quotes are from EWTN on Prayers